中能专访丨奥马尔·亚吉：“氢是终极燃料，但挑战在于储氢”China Energy Exclusive Interview | Omar Yaghi: 'Hydrogen is the ultimate fuel, but the challenge lies in hydrogen storage'
11月5日，在第九届虹桥国际经济论坛“氢能高质量发展促进全球能源转型”分论坛期间，2025年诺贝尔化学奖得主、清华大学教授奥马尔·亚吉接受中能传媒专访，反复谈到“氢是终极燃料，但挑战在于储氢”。
奥马尔·亚吉表示，中国在氢能技术研发与产业支持层面已取得扎实进展，但氢能规模化应用的核心挑战始终在储氢环节，既是最具分量的前沿科学难题，也是关乎能源转型的重大现实课题，要实现真正突破仍需持续投入更多资源与研发力量。
在储氢技术研究方面，奥马尔·亚吉团队早在上世纪90年代中期开创金属有机框架（MOF）材料的“乐高式”构筑方法，一克材料的内部表面积相当于两个足球场，可用于吸附存储氢气。目前该团队已将MOF材料与氢气的结合能从最初的3千焦每摩尔提高至12至13千焦每摩尔，理想结合能数值为20千焦每摩尔；填充MOF材料的储罐储氢量可达两倍，且通过物理吸附释氢几乎不需额外输入能量。
在清华大学牵头推进的AIMATRY交叉研究平台方面，奥马尔·亚吉介绍，该平台构建“智能筛选—快速合成—性能验证”的研发闭环，围绕三个核心方向展开：借助AI与机器人技术实现材料发现全流程自动化、大幅压缩材料从实验室到商业化落地的周期、建立基于客观事实与可验证科学的“选择科学”。
依托这套体系，新材料从发现到商业化落地有望缩短至数月到数年的量级，不仅将加速储氢材料的技术迭代，也将为整个能源、环境领域的材料研发带来革命性的效率提升。
On November 5, during the sub-forum of the 9th Hongqiao International Economic Forum on "Promoting High-Quality Hydrogen Development for Global Energy Transition," the 2025 Nobel Prize in Chemistry winner and Tsinghua University professor Omar Yaghi was interviewed by China Energy Media, repeatedly emphasizing that "hydrogen is the ultimate fuel, but the challenge lies in hydrogen storage."
Omar Yaghi stated that China has made solid progress in hydrogen technology research and development as well as industrial support, but the core challenge for large-scale application of hydrogen energy always lies in the storage of hydrogen. It is not only one of the most significant cutting-edge scientific problems but also a major practical issue concerning energy transition, and achieving a true breakthrough still requires continued investment of more resources and research efforts.
In the field of hydrogen storage technology research, Omar Yaghi's team pioneered the 'Lego-style' construction method of metal-organic framework (MOF) materials as early as the mid-1990s. The internal surface area of one gram of material is equivalent to two football fields and can be used to adsorb and store hydrogen. Currently, the team has increased the binding energy between MOF materials and hydrogen from the initial 3 kJ per mole to 12–13 kJ per mole, with the ideal binding energy being 20 kJ per mole; tanks filled with MOF materials can store twice as much hydrogen, and hydrogen release through physical adsorption requires almost no additional energy input.
Regarding the AIMATRY interdisciplinary research platform led by Tsinghua University, Omar Yaghi explained that the platform establishes a research and development loop of 'intelligent screening—rapid synthesis—performance validation,' focusing on three core directions: achieving full-process automation of material discovery with AI and robotic technologies, significantly reducing the cycle from laboratory research to commercialization of materials, and establishing a 'science of selection' based on objective facts and verifiable science.
Relying on this system, the time for new materials to go from discovery to commercial implementation is expected to be shortened to a matter of months to a few years. This will not only accelerate the technological iteration of hydrogen storage materials but also bring revolutionary efficiency improvements to material research and development across the entire energy and environmental fields.
[Source: China Energy News Network]
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