新加坡发布《国家氢能战略》 把氨列为氢载体并推动低碳氢原产地保证认证互认Singapore Launches National Hydrogen Strategy: Ammonia as a Hydrogen Carrier and Interoperable Guarantee of Origin Certification

2022年10月25日，新加坡副总理兼财政部长黄循财在新加坡国际能源周「新加坡能源讲座」上发布《国家氢能战略》，由能源市场管理局（EMA）与贸易与工业部（MTI）联合发布新闻稿。战略判断：低碳氢（含氨等衍生物）到2050年最多可满足新加坡一半电力需求，并可用于工业脱碳及海运、航空的氢衍生燃料替代。

五大抓手：一是试验接近商用成熟度的先进氢技术，率先启动小型商业化氨发电项目，同步建设可支撑船用加注的氨供应链，以评估氨作为氢载体与直接燃料的可行性并配套制定法规；二是以低碳能源研究计划（LCER）第二期追加1.29亿新元支持氢能研发（第一期已于2021年10月投入5,500万新元）；三是与产业及国际伙伴共建供应链，重点推进"原产地保证"（Guarantee of Origin）认证方法学并确保跨司法辖区互认，构建贸易与融资生态；四是制定氢进口、储存与转化为电力所需的土地与基础设施规划；五是围绕融资、贸易、认证、运输、储存与部署开展人才培训。

后续落地链条：EMA与MPA于2022年12月5日发布端到端低碳／零碳氨发电与加注方案意向征集（EOI），要求项目起步至少50 MW、运营期最长25年；2024年7月25日两机构短名单确定Keppel与Sembcorp-SLNG牵头的两个联合体，拟建55—65 MW氨直燃联合循环发电与至少10万吨/年氨加注能力；2025年10月3日确定Keppel牵头联合体进入FEED阶段，项目尚未作出最终投资决定。

与绿色氢氨醇的关系：该战略是新加坡后续所有氨、甲醇加注标准与许可框架的上位政策依据；战略文本点名氨及"氢衍生燃料"，但未点名甲醇，也未设定氢的碳强度阈值。

英文原文摘录："Low-carbon hydrogen (including its derivatives such as ammonia) has emerged as a key potential pathway for Singapore."；"Depending on technological developments and the development of other energy sources, hydrogen could supply up to half of our power needs by 2050."

英文原文摘录："Besides domestic emissions, low-carbon hydrogen and hydrogen-derived fuels are potential alternatives to fossil fuels in the maritime and aviation sectors."

英文原文摘录："In this regard, we will launch an Expression of Interest for a small-scale commercial project on utilising ammonia for power generation, including developing ammonia supply chains to also support marine bunkering needs. Such a project will allow us to assess the viability of ammonia – as both a hydrogen carrier and as a direct fuel – and develop regulations and ecosystem to support it."

英文原文摘录："This will include advancing the development of Guarantee of Origin certification methodologies, ensuring that methodologies are interoperable across jurisdictions, and building a trading and financing ecosystem to facilitate global trade of low-carbon hydrogen."

配套原文：氨EOI https://www.ema.gov.sg/content/dam/corporate/partnerships/proposals/end-to-end-low-or-zero-carbon-ammonia/EMA-Partnerships-Proposals-Expression-of-Interest-End-to-End-Ammonia-Power-Generation-Bunkering-Solutions.pdf.coredownload.pdf ；2024短名单 https://www.ema.gov.sg/content/dam/corporate/news/media-releases/2024/20240725-Media-Release-EMA-and-MPA-Shortlist-Two-Consortia-To-Further-Study-Viability-of-Ammonia.pdf.coredownload.pdf ；本条主链接即EMA与MTI联合发布的官方新闻稿全文。