印尼颁布第40/2025号政府条例 氢与氨正式列为「新能源」并优先以可再生能源制取Indonesia Enacts Government Regulation No. 40/2025 on National Energy Policy: Hydrogen and Ammonia Defined as New Energy

2025年9月15日，印尼总统签署并公布《第40/2025号政府条例：国家能源政策》（PP No. 40 Tahun 2025 tentang Kebijakan Energi Nasional），载于《国家公报》2025年第149号，同日生效，取代实施十年的PP 79/2014，规划期延至2060年。

与绿色氢氨醇直接相关的条款：条例把「新能源」的范围扩展至氢、氨与核能；规定氢与氨作为能源燃料，应优先采用可再生能源与高效技术制取；在可再生能源尚不可得的情形下，允许由非可再生能源制取，但须配套低碳技术。条例第31条列出的能源多元化路径亦包括交通部门由成品油转向电力、生物能源、氢、天然气等低碳能源，燃煤电厂部分转向天然气、氢、氨、生物质，以及工业与商业部门由燃油燃气转向生物质、沼气、电力与氢等。此外，条例整合了碳税、本地含量要求，并对新能源与可再生能源的供应、经营与利用引入财政（减税、进口关税减免等）与非财政（许可便利、培训、技术援助）激励。

产业口径说明：条例为政府条例（PP），在印尼法规层级中属总统／政府行政法规，下级规则须与之衔接；其首次在最高层级能源政策中确立"绿氢优先"，但并未建立氢的碳强度阈值、认证体系或绿色甲醇的专门条款。相关核算与认证安排由《国家氢与氨路线图》（RHAN）及后续部门规则承接。

英文原文摘录（GH2英文解读，法规原文为印尼文）："In Indonesia's new Government Regulation No. 40/2025 on the National Energy Policy (NEP 2025), one line could shape the country's energy future: hydrogen and ammonia 'shall preferably be produced from renewable energy sources to generate green hydrogen.'"

英文原文摘录（ABNR英文解读）："GR 40/2025 expands the definition of 'New Energy' to include hydrogen, ammonia, and nuclear."；"GR 40/2025 stipulates that the use of hydrogen and ammonia as energy fuels should be prioritized when produced from renewable sources and efficient technologies. Where renewable sources are not available, these fuels may also be produced from non-renewable sources, provided that low-carbon technologies are applied."

英文原文摘录（GH2英文解读）："What appears in a Government Regulation (Peraturan Pemerintah or PP) carries weight. A PP represents the highest form of regulation issued by the executive branch and all lower-level regulations must align with it."

配套英文解读：https://gh2.org/article/nep-2025-policy-win-green-hydrogen-industry ；https://www.abnrlaw.com/news/indonesias-national-energy-policy-2060-key-changes-and-pathways-to-net-zero