美国能源部发布45VH2-GREET 2025年12月版核算手册 明确氨、甲醇转化情形的氢排放口径DOE Guidelines to Determine Well-to-Gate GHG Emissions Using 45VH2-GREET Rev. December 2025

美国能源部关键矿产与能源创新办公室（CMEI）发布《使用45VH2-GREET Rev. December 2025判定制氢路径从井口到厂门温室气体排放指南》。45VH2-GREET由阿贡国家实验室开发维护，已被美国财政部采用，用于计算《国内税收法典》第45V条清洁氢生产抵免所要求的well-to-gate（从井口到厂门）排放率；手册给出模型包含的各制氢路径方法学、边界定义与使用说明，并提示未来版本可能新增路径或修订背景数据。

与绿氨、绿色甲醇的直接关联：手册在含氢气流核算规则中明确以「氨或甲醇」为例，规定当气流经净化（如脱除CO₂）后转化为化学品时，混合气体与氢的浓度须按净化后的状态取值、工艺投入须计入该净化环节；在核能耦合电解章节，还以「氨合成」作为仅使用电解槽所产电力与氢的非燃烧放热反应示例。对以绿氢为原料制氨、制醇的项目而言，这些条款决定了45V氢排放率申报时的氢气流边界与参数口径。

英文原文摘录（标题）："Guidelines to Determine Well-to-Gate Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions of Hydrogen Production Pathways using 45VH2-GREET Rev. December 2025"。

英文原文摘录："45VH2-GREET has been adopted by the U.S. Department of the Treasury for the purposes of calculating well-to-gate emissions of hydrogen production facilities for the clean hydrogen production tax credit established in Internal Revenue Code (I.R.C. section 45V [45V tax credit])."

英文原文摘录："45VH2-GREET is tailored to the administration of the 45V tax credit."；"...before it is converted into a chemical (e.g., ammonia or methanol), the concentrations of mixed gases and hydrogen must represent those in place after any such purification takes place, and the process inputs must account for such purification."

英文原文摘录："Consumes electricity and/or heat generated via a non-combustion exothermic reaction that exclusively uses electricity and hydrogen produced by the electrolyzer (e.g., ammonia synthesis)."

日期说明：文件标注为「Rev. December 2025」（2025年12月版）并置于DOE 2025-12目录，未标注具体日；表中发布时间取当月首日以便后台导入。模型与手册下载页：https://www.energy.gov/cmei/greet