美国能源部更新《氢能项目计划》 将氨、甲醇列为液态化学氢载体与合成燃料端用DOE Unveils Updated Hydrogen Program Plan (December 2024)

2024年12月20日，美国能源部发布更新版《氢能项目计划》（Department of Energy Hydrogen Program Plan，文件标注为2024年12月）。该计划是DOE氢能研究、开发、示范与部署（RDD&D）的基础性战略框架，统筹能效与可再生能源、化石能源与碳管理、核能、电力、科学、贷款项目办公室、制造与能源供应链、清洁能源示范办公室及ARPA-E等多个办公室，说明各部门如何协同落实《美国国家清洁氢战略与路线图》，并纳入区域清洁氢枢纽、Hydrogen Shot目标与劳动力建设等内容。

与绿色氢氨醇直接相关的表述：计划指出当前氢的主要需求是炼油与合成氨的化工原料，较少部分用于甲醇生产；把氨与甲醇列为可大规模储存运输的液态化学氢载体；把「二氧化碳与清洁氢反应制取合成燃料（e-fuel），可提供甲醇或可再生天然气等净零碳燃料」列为工业端用；在示范部署章节列出「钢铁制造、合成氨生产，以及用氢和二氧化碳制取合成燃料的技术」。

英文原文摘录："Today, the primary demand for hydrogen is as a chemical feedstock in petroleum refining and ammonia production, with smaller amounts being used in other industrial applications such as methanol production."

英文原文摘录："Liquid chemical hydrogen carriers compatible with large-scale storage and transport include common compounds such as ammonia and methanol."

英文原文摘录："...synfuel (or “e-fuel”) production, which involves reacting carbon dioxide with clean hydrogen, offering an option for versatile net-zero-carbon fuels such as methanol or renewable natural gas."

英文原文摘录："Demonstration of end-use applications, including steel manufacturing, ammonia production, and techniques for producing synthetic fuels from hydrogen and carbon dioxide."

英文原文摘录（DOE发布稿）："The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) today announced its updated Hydrogen Program Plan, a foundational resource for advancing research, development, demonstration, and deployment (RDD&D) of hydrogen technologies."

计划全文PDF：https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/docs/hydrogenprogramlibraries/pdfs/hydrogen-program-plan-2024.pdf ；DOE氢能计划栏目页：https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/library/roadmaps-vision/program-plan