欧盟FuelEU Maritime法规将e-甲醇、e-氨、e-氢列为RFNBO船用燃料Regulation (EU) 2023/1805 (FuelEU Maritime): RFNBO fuels including e-methanol and e-NH3

《条例 (EU) 2023/1805》(FuelEU Maritime)由欧洲议会与理事会于2023年9月13日通过、9月22日刊于《欧盟官方公报》,自2025年1月1日起适用(监测计划相关条款自2024年8月31日起适用)。
核心要求:对停靠欧盟港口、总吨5000以上船舶所用能源设定逐年收紧的全生命周期(well-to-wake)温室气体强度上限,相对2020年基准,2025年降2%、2030年降6%、2035年降14.5%、2040年降31%、2045年降62%、2050年降80%;核算覆盖CO₂、CH₄与N₂O。条例对RFNBO设专门激励与子目标,未达标船舶须购买补救单位并面临罚款;自2030年起,客船与集装箱船在主要欧盟港口靠泊须使用岸电。
与绿氨绿醇的关系:欧委会《FuelEU Maritime实施指南》明确,条例附件II在「非生物源可再生燃料(RFNBO)」类别下列出 e-diesel、e-methanol、e-LNG、e-H2、e-NH3、e-LPG、e-DME;RFNBO须实现至少70%温室气体减排,即温室气体强度不高于28.2 gCO₂eq/MJ,若无法证明合规,则按该燃料最不利化石路径的排放因子计算。这为绿甲醇、绿氨船用加注的认证与合规核算提供了直接依据。
英文原文摘录(欧委会实施指南):"Annex II of the FuelEU Maritime Regulation provides the following types of fuel under the class 'Renewable Fuels of Non-Biological Origin (RFNBO)': e-diesel, e-methanol, e-LNG, e-H2, e-NH3, e-LPG, e-DME."
英文原文摘录:"RFNBOs must result in a GHG saving of at least 70%: In practice, this means that RFNBOs must have a GHG intensity of 28.2 gCO₂eq/MJ or lower."
配套原文:https://transport.ec.europa.eu/transport-modes/maritime/decarbonising-maritime-transport-fueleu-maritime_en
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